2017年06月四级第3套选词填空原文翻译及答案解析

Questions __26__ to __35__ are based on the following passage.

问题从'剧烈'到'增加'是基于以下段落的。

As if you needed another reason to hate the gym, it now turns out that exercise can exhaust not only your muscles, but also your eyes. Fear not, however, for coffee can stimulate them again. During __26__ exercise, our muscles tire as they run out of fuel and build up waste products. Muscle performance can also be affected by a __27__ called "central fatigue," in which an imbalance in the body's chemical messengers prevents the central nervous system from directing muscle movements __28__. It was not known, however, whether central fatigue might also affect motor systems not directly __29__ in the exercise itself, such as those that move the eyes. To find out, researchers gave 11 volunteer cyclists a carbohydrate (碳水化合物的) __30__ either with a moderate dose of caffeine (咖啡因), which is known to stimulate the central nervous system, or as a placebo (安慰剂) without, during 3 hours of __31__ . After exercising, the scientists tested the cyclists with eyetracking cameras to see how well their brains could still __32__ their visual system. The team found that exercise reduced the speed of rapid eye movements by about 8%, __33__ their ability to capture new visual information. The caffeine, the equivalent of two strong cups of coffee, was __34__ to reverse this effect, with some cyclists even displaying __35__ eye movement speeds. So it might be a good idea to get someone else to drive you home after that marathon.

好像你还需要另一个讨厌健身房的理由，现在事实证明，锻炼不仅能使你的肌肉疲惫，还能使你的眼睛疲惫。然而，不必担心，因为咖啡可以再次刺激它们。在剧烈运动期间，我们的肌肉会因为燃料耗尽和废物积累而疲劳。肌肉表现也可能受到一种称为“中枢疲劳”的现象影响，其中体内化学信使的不平衡阻碍了中枢神经系统有效地指挥肌肉运动。然而，尚不清楚中枢疲劳是否也可能影响不直接参与运动本身的运动系统，例如那些移动眼睛的系统。为了找出答案，研究人员在3小时的骑行期间，给11名志愿者自行车手提供了一种碳水化合物溶液，要么含有中等剂量的咖啡因（已知能刺激中枢神经系统），要么作为不含咖啡因的安慰剂。锻炼后，科学家们用眼动追踪摄像头测试自行车手，以了解他们的大脑还能多好地控制视觉系统。团队发现，锻炼将快速眼动的速度降低了约8%，阻碍了他们捕捉新视觉信息的能力。咖啡因，相当于两杯浓咖啡，足以逆转这一效果，一些自行车手甚至显示出眼动速度增加。所以，在马拉松之后让别人开车送你回家可能是个好主意。