2023年12月四级第1套选词填空原文翻译及答案解析 进入互动练习 →

2023年12月四级第1套选词填空原文翻译及答案解析

本页收录2023年12月四级第1套选词填空的原文、备选词库与逐空解析。选词填空共 10 空,从 15 个备选词中选择,每词只能用一次,考查词性辨析与上下文搭配,解题顺序通常是先判断词性再定词义。

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Exercising for just 10 minutes a week is linked to a longer life, according to a new study published in The British Journal of Sports Medicine.

根据发表在《英国运动医学杂志》上的一项新研究,每周仅锻炼10分钟与更长的寿命相关。

Several recent studies have found that even low-intensity exercise, done for a short amount of time, can have a meaningful __26__ on health. Still, the idea that exercising for just 10 minutes a week may be enough to increase your lifespan is novel. It's also somewhat __27__ . since the federal physical activity guidelines recommend getting at least 75 minutes of vigorous exercise or 150 minutes of __28__ exercise each week. The study was based on data from more than 88,000 U.S. adults who __29__ in the National Health Interview Survey between 1997 and 2008.

最近几项研究发现,即使是短时间进行的低强度运动,也能对健康产生有意义的影响。然而,每周仅锻炼10分钟就足以延长寿命的想法是新颖的。这也有些争议,因为联邦体力活动指南建议每周至少进行75分钟的剧烈运动或150分钟的中等强度运动。该研究基于1997年至2008年间参加国家健康访谈调查的88,000多名美国成年人的数据。

Contrary to some research that has found an __30__ limit to the amount of exercise that is healthy, the researchers found that there was __31__ no limit to the longevity (长寿) benefits of exercise. Even the small group of people who got 10 times the amount of exercise recommended by the federal government had a 46% lower __32__ of death than the least active group.

与一些研究发现运动量有健康上限相反,研究人员发现运动对长寿的好处似乎没有上限。即使是运动量达到联邦政府推荐量10倍的一小群人,其死亡风险也比最不活跃的群体低46%。

Still, observational studies like this one cannot prove cause and effect; they can only find __33__ . The researchers also were not able to __34__ for certain lifestyle factors that could affect lifespan, including dietary habits and changes in physical activity over time. Despite these __35__ . The study's results are yet another indication of the power of physical activity, even in small amounts.

尽管如此,像这样的观察性研究不能证明因果关系;它们只能发现模式。研究人员也无法调整某些可能影响寿命的生活方式因素,包括饮食习惯和体力活动随时间的变化。尽管存在这些局限性,该研究的结果再次表明了体力活动的力量,即使数量很小。

A) adjustB) alterC) approximatelyD) controversialE) coordinatesF) impactG) limitationsH) moderateI) participatedJ) patternsK) populatedL) riskM) seeminglyN) typeO) upper
逐空答案与解析
26.
答案 Fimpact
解析空格在形容词 meaningful 之后、介词 on 之前(have a meaningful ___ on health),需名词作 have 的宾语。impact on 为固定搭配,意为对健康产生有意义的『影响』。alter/adjust 为动词不合,故选 F impact。
27.
答案 Dcontroversial
解析空格在系动词 is 与 somewhat 之后作表语,需形容词。下文 since 引出原因——该说法与联邦指南推荐的运动量相矛盾,故这一想法『有争议』。故选 D controversial。
28.
答案 Hmoderate
解析空格修饰名词 exercise,需形容词,且与前面的 vigorous(剧烈的)形成对照。75 分钟剧烈运动 or 150 分钟『中等强度』运动,故选 H moderate。
29.
答案 Iparticipated
解析空格在关系代词 who 之后作谓语,需动词,且后接介词 in。participate in 固定搭配,意为 88,000 名成年人『参与』了全国健康访谈调查。时态为一般过去式,与全句相符,故选 I participated。
30.
答案 Oupper
解析空格在冠词 an 与名词 limit 之间,需形容词修饰 limit。upper limit 固定搭配,意为有些研究发现健康运动量存在一个『上限』,与下句『没有上限』形成对照。limitations 为名词不能作定语且语义不符,故选 O upper(原答案 G limitations 误)。
31.
答案 Mseemingly
解析空格在系动词 was 与 no limit 之间,需副词修饰整个表语。研究者发现运动对长寿的益处『看似』没有上限,故选 M seemingly。upper 为形容词且与 30 题重复,排除(原答案 O upper 误)。
32.
答案 Lrisk
解析空格在形容词 lower 之后、介词 of 之前(46% lower ___ of death),需名词。risk of death 固定搭配,意为死亡『风险』降低 46%,故选 L risk。
33.
答案 Jpatterns
解析空格作 find 的宾语,需名词。观察性研究不能证明因果关系,只能发现『规律/模式』。与前文 cannot prove cause and effect 形成对比,故选 J patterns。
34.
答案 Aadjust
解析空格在 were not able to 之后,需动词原形,且后接介词 for。adjust for 为统计学固定搭配,意为研究者无法『控制/校正』某些影响寿命的生活方式因素(如饮食习惯)。type 为名词,与 to 不搭,故选 A adjust(原答案 N type 误)。
35.
答案 Glimitations
解析空格在 Despite these 之后,需名词复数,回指前文提到的研究不足(无法证明因果、无法控制变量)。Despite these limitations 意为『尽管存在这些局限』。seemingly 为副词不合,故选 G limitations(原答案 M seemingly 误)。