2019年12月六级第2套选词填空原文翻译及答案解析

The number of devices you can talk to is multiplying—first it was your phone, then your car, and now you can tell your kitchen appliance what to do. But even without gadgets that understand our spoken commands, research suggests that, as bizarre as it sounds, under certain __26__, people regularly ascribe human traits to everyday objects.

您能与之对话的设备数量正在增加——首先是您的手机，然后是您的汽车，现在您可以告诉厨房电器该做什么。但即使没有能理解我们口语命令的设备，研究也表明，尽管听起来很奇怪，在某些情况下，人们经常将人类特质归因于日常物品。

Sometimes we see things as human because we are __27__. In one experiment, people who reported feeling isolated were more likely than others to attribute __28__ to various gadgets. In turn, feeling close to objects can __29__ loneliness. When college students were reminded of a time when they had been __30__ in a social setting they compensated by exaggerating their number of friends—unless they were first given tasks that caused them to interact with their phone as if it had human qualities. The phone __31__ stood in for real friends.

有时我们将事物视为人类是因为我们感到孤独。在一项实验中，报告感到孤立的人比其他人更有可能将意识归因于各种设备。反过来，与物品亲近可以缓解孤独感。当大学生被提醒自己在社交场合中被排斥的经历时，他们会通过夸大朋友数量来补偿——除非他们先被赋予任务，使他们与手机互动时好像它具有人类特质。手机显然代替了真正的朋友。

At other times, we personify products on an effort to understand them. One study found that three in four respondents yelled at their computer. Further, the more their computer gave them problems, the more likely the respondents were to report that it had its own "beliefs and __32__".

在其他时候，我们为了理解产品而将其拟人化。一项研究发现，四分之三的受访者会对他们的电脑大喊大叫。此外，他们的电脑给他们带来的问题越多，受访者就越有可能报告说它有自己的'信念和欲望'。

So how do people assign traits to an object? In part, we rely on looks. On humans, wide faces are __33__ with dominance. Similarly, people rated cars, clocks and watches with wide faces as more dominant-looking than narrow-faced ones, and preferred them—especially in __34__ situations. An analysis of car sales in Germany found that cars with grilles (护栅) that were up turned like smiles sold best. The purchasers saw this __35__ as increasing a car's friendliness.

那么人们如何将特质分配给物体呢？部分上，我们依赖外表。在人类身上，宽脸与支配性相关联。类似地，人们将宽脸的汽车、钟表和手表评价为比窄脸的更具支配性外观，并更喜欢它们——尤其是在竞争性场合。对德国汽车销售的分析发现，像微笑一样向上翘起的护栅汽车卖得最好。购买者将这一特征视为增加了汽车的友好性。