2023年03月六级第1套选词填空原文翻译及答案解析

Unthinkable as it may be, humanity, every last person, could someday be wiped from the face of the Earth. We have learned to worry about asteroids (小行星) and super volcanoes, but the more likely __26__, according to Nick Bostrom, a professor of philosophy at Oxford, is that we humans will destroy ourselves.

尽管可能难以想象，但人类，每一个人，都可能在某一天从地球表面消失。我们已经学会了担心小行星和超级火山，但根据牛津大学哲学教授尼克·博斯特罗姆的说法，更可能发生的情景是人类将毁灭自己。

Professor Bostrom, who directs Oxford's Future of Humanity Institute, has argued over the course of several papers that human __27__ risks are poorly understood and, worse still, __28__ underestimated by society. Some of these existential risks are fairly well known, especially the natural ones. But others are __29__ or even exotic. Most worrying to Bostrom is the subset of existential risks that __30__ from human technology, a subset that he expects to grow in number and potency over the next century.

博斯特罗姆教授领导着牛津大学的未来人类研究所，他在多篇论文中论证说，人类灭绝风险被理解得很差，更糟糕的是，被社会严重低估。其中一些存在风险相当知名，尤其是自然风险。但其他风险则模糊甚至奇异。最令博斯特罗姆担忧的是那些源于人类技术的存在风险，他预计这一子集在未来世纪中数量和威力都会增长。

Despite his concerns about the risks __31__ to humans by technological progress, Bostrom is no luddite (科技进步反对者). In fact, he is a longtime __32__ of trans-humanism- the effort to improve the human condition, and even human nature itself, through technological means. In the long run he sees technology as a bridge, a bridge we humans must cross with great care, in order to reach new and better modes of being. In his work, Bostrom uses the tools of philosophy and mathematics, in __33__ probability theory, to try and determine how we as a __34__ might achieve this safe passage. What follows is my conversation with Bostrom about some of the most interesting and worrying existential risks that humanity might __35__ in the decades and centuries to come, and about what we can do to make sure we outlast them.

尽管担忧技术进步对人类构成的风险，博斯特罗姆并非技术反对者。事实上，他是超人类主义的长期倡导者——即通过技术手段改善人类状况，甚至改善人类本性。长远来看，他将技术视为一座桥梁，我们人类必须小心翼翼地跨越它，以到达新的、更好的存在模式。在他的工作中，博斯特罗姆使用哲学和数学的工具，特别是概率论，来试图确定我们作为一个物种如何实现这一安全通道。接下来是我与博斯特罗姆的一些对话，关于人类在未来几十年和几个世纪可能遇到的一些最有趣和最令人担忧的存在风险，以及我们能做些什么来确保我们能够存活下来。