2023年12月六级第2套选词填空原文翻译及答案解析

Our brains respond to language expressing facts differently than they do to words conveying possibility, scientists at New York University have recently found. Their work offers new insights into the impact word choice has on how we __26__ between statements expressing what is real versus what is merely possible. The researchers assert their findings are important because we are presented with false information all the time. Some of this is __27__, as is the case with deceptive advertisements, but the problem is __28__ by individuals who believe they are sharing correct information. Thus, it is more important than ever to separate the factual from the possible or merely __29__ in how we communicate. This is especially true as the study makes clear that information presented as fact __30__ special responses in our brains, which are distinct from when we process the same content with clear indicators of __31__.

纽约大学的科学家最近发现，我们的大脑对表达事实的语言的反应与对表达可能性的词语的反应不同。他们的研究为词选择如何影响我们区分现实陈述和仅仅是可能的陈述提供了新见解。研究人员断言，他们的发现很重要，因为我们经常面临虚假信息。其中一些是夸大的，如欺骗性广告，但问题在于个人的不确定性，他们相信自己分享的是正确信息。因此，在我们的沟通中，将事实与可能或仅仅是推测性内容分开比以往任何时候都更加重要。这一点尤其正确，因为该研究表明，以事实形式呈现的信息在我们的大脑中引发特殊反应，这与我们处理相同内容但带有清晰场景指示器时不同。

In their new study, the scientists intended to __32__ how the brain computes possibilities as expressed by words such as "may,""might," and "if." The researchers compared brain responses to statements expressing factual __33__ and those expressing possibility. "There is a monster under my bed" exemplifies a factual statement. "I will stay home," is also factual. This is opposed to statements that express possibility, like "There might be a monster under my bed," or "If it rains, I will stay home." The results of the study showed that factual language __34__ a rapid increase in brain activity, with the brain responding more powerfully and showing more engagement with factual phrases compared to those communicating possibility. Thus, facts rule when it comes to the brain. Brain regions involved in processing __35__ rapidly distinguish facts from possibilities. Further, these regions respond in a much more robust fashion to factual statements.

在他们的新研究中，科学家旨在确定大脑如何计算由“may”、“might”和“if”等词语表达的可能性。研究人员比较了大脑对表达事实话语的陈述和表达可能性的陈述的反应。“There is a monster under my bed”是一个事实陈述的例子。“I will stay home”也是事实性的。这与表达可能性的陈述相反，如“There might be a monster under my bed”或“If it rains, I will stay home”。研究结果表明，事实性语言激活了大脑活动的快速增加，与表达可能性的短语相比，大脑对事实性短语的反应更强烈，表现出更多参与。因此，当涉及到大脑时，事实占主导地位。参与处理共识的大脑区域迅速区分事实与可能性。此外，这些区域对事实性陈述的反应更为强烈。