2023年考研英语一完形填空原文翻译及答案解析 进入互动练习 →

2023年考研英语一完形填空原文翻译及答案解析

本页收录2023年考研英语一完形填空的原文、全文翻译与逐题解析。考研英语完形填空共 20 题、10 分,重点考查上下文逻辑关系与固定搭配,解题需结合语篇线索而非孤立词义。

Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word ( s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B , C or D on th ANSWER SHEET. ( 10 points)

Caravanserais were roadside inns that were built along the Silk Road in areas including China, North Africa and the Middle East. They were typically ___1___ outside the walls of a city or village and were usually funded by governments or ___2___ This word " Caravanserais" is a ___3___ of the Persian word " karv:an" , which means a group of travellers or a caravan, and " seray" , a palace or enclosed building. The term caravan was used to ___4___ groups of people who travelled together across the ancient network for safety reasons , ___5___ merchants, travellers or pilgrims. From the 10th century onwards, as merchant and travel routes became more developed, the ___6___ of the caravanserais increased and they served as a safe place for people to rest at night. Travellers on the Silk Road ___7___ possibility of being attacked by thieves or being ___8___ to extreme weather conditions. For this reason, caravanserais were strategically placed ___9___ they could be reached in a day's travel time. Caravanserais served as an informal ___10___ point for the various people who travelled the Silk Road. ___11___ , these structures became important centers for cultural ___12___ and interaction, with travellers sharing their cultures, ideas and beliefs, ___13___ taking knowledge with them, greatly ___14___ the development of several civilisations. Caravanserais were also an important marketplace for commodities and ___15___ in the trade of goods along the Silk Road. ___16___ , it was frequently the first stop for merchants looking to sell their wares and ___17___ supplies for their own journeys. It is ___18___ that around 12,000 to 15,000 caravanserais were built along the Silk Road, ___19___ only about 3,000 are known to remain today, many of which are in ___20___ .

驿站是沿途的旅馆,沿着丝绸之路建造,区域包括中国、北非和中东。它们通常位于城市或村庄的城墙外,通常由政府或私人资助。"Caravanserais"这个词是波斯语单词"karv:an"(意思是旅行者群体或商队)和"seray"(宫殿或封闭建筑)的组合。"caravan"一词用于描述为了安全原因而一起穿越古代网络的群体,如商人、旅行者或朝圣者。从10世纪开始,随着商人和旅行路线变得更加发达,驿站的建造增加,它们成为人们夜间休息的安全场所。丝绸之路上的旅行者面临被小偷攻击或遭受极端天气条件的可能性。因此,驿站被战略性地放置,以便在一天的旅行时间内可以到达。驿站作为丝绸之路上不同人群的非正式聚会点。结果,这些建筑成为文化交流和互动的重要中心,旅行者分享他们的文化、思想和信仰,并带走知识,极大地影响了几个文明的发展。驿站也是商品的重要市场,并有助于丝绸之路上的货物贸易。事实上,它经常是商人们出售货物并为自己旅程补给供应品的第一站。据信,沿丝绸之路建造了大约12,000到15,000个驿站,尽管今天只有大约3,000个已知存留,其中许多已成废墟。

逐题答案与解析
1.
A) displayed
B) occupied
C) located
D) equipped
答案 C
解析"位于"城墙外。located意为"位于、坐落于",修饰路边客栈的位置;displayed"展示"、occupied"占据"、equipped"配备"均不合文意。
2.
A) privately
B) regularly
C) respectively
D) permanently
答案 A
解析与governments并列,privately意为"私人地",即由政府或私人资助建设。regularly"定期地"、respectively"分别地"、permanently"永久地"不搭。
3.
A) definition
B) transition
C) substitution
D) combination
答案 D
解析"Caravanserais"一词是波斯语"karv:an"和"seray"两个词的结合体。combination意为"结合、组合";definition"定义"、transition"过渡"、substitution"替代"均不合。
4.
A) classify
B) record
C) describe
D) connect
答案 C
解析"caravan"一词用来描述结伴旅行的群体。describe意为"描述、指称";classify"分类"、record"记录"、connect"连接"均不符合。
5.
A) apart from
B) instead of
C) such as
D) along with
答案 C
解析表示列举:商人、旅行者或朝圣者。such as意为"例如",用于举例说明;apart from"除...外"、instead of"代替"、along with"与...一起"均不能引导列举。
6.
A) construction
B) restoration
C) impression
D) evaluation
答案 A
解析从10世纪起,商路和旅行路线发展后,驿站的建造数量增加。construction意为"建造、建设";restoration"修复"、impression"印象"、evaluation"评估"不搭。
7.
A) doubted
B) faced
C) accepted
D) reduced
答案 B
解析旅行者面临被强盗袭击的可能性。faced意为"面临、遭遇";doubted"怀疑"、accepted"接受"、reduced"减少"不符合。
8.
A) assigned
B) subjected
C) accustomed
D) opposed
答案 B
解析"遭受"极端天气。be subjected to意为"遭受、经受";assigned to"分配"、accustomed to"习惯于"、opposed to"反对",subjected最贴切。
9.
A) so that
B) even if
C) now that
D) in case
答案 A
解析驿站被策略性地安置,以便能在一天行程内到达。so that引导目的状语从句;even if"即使"、now that"既然"、in case"以防"均不表目的。
10.
A) talking
B) starting
C) breaking
D) meeting
答案 D
解析"非正式的会合点"。meeting point意为"会合点、集合点";talking"交谈"、starting"出发"、breaking"打破"均不构成固定搭配。
11.
A) By the way
B) On occasion
C) In comparison
D) As a result
答案 D
解析因果关系:由于是各路人马会合之处,因此成为文化交流中心。As a result意为"因此、结果是";By the way"顺便说"、On occasion"偶尔"、In comparison"相比之下"均不表结果。
12.
A) heritage
B) revival
C) exchange
D) status
答案 C
解析"文化交流与互动"。cultural exchange意为"文化交流",与interaction并列;heritage"遗产"、revival"复兴"、status"地位"均与互动语义不协调。
13.
A) with regard to
B) in spite of
C) as well as
D) in line with
答案 C
解析"以及"带走知识,表并列递进。as well as意为"以及、和";with regard to"关于"、in spite of"尽管"、in line with"符合"均不符。
14.
A) completing
B) influencing
C) resuming
D) pioneering
答案 B
解析"极大地影响了"多个文明的发展。influencing意为"影响";completing"完成"、resuming"恢复"、pioneering"开创"均不合适。
15.
A) aided
B) invested
C) failed
D) competed
答案 A
解析驿站在商品贸易中起到了助力作用。aided意为"帮助、促进";invested"投资"、failed"失败"、competed"竞争"均不符。
16.
A) Rather
B) Indeed
C) Otherwise
D) However
答案 B
解析"确实"它经常是商人售卖商品的第一站。Indeed意为"确实、的确",表肯定强调;Rather"相反"、Otherwise"否则"、However"然而"均不表肯定。
17.
A) go in for
B) stand up for
C) close in on
D) stock up on
答案 D
解析"储备补给"以备旅程。stock up on意为"储备、屯积";go in for"参加"、stand up for"支持"、close in on"逼近"均不表储备。
18.
A) believed
B) predicted
C) recalled
D) implied
答案 A
解析"据信"丝绸之路上建造了12000到15000座驿站。It is believed that...为学术性让步表达的常用句型;predicted"预测"、recalled"回忆"、implied"暗示"均不搭。
19.
A) until
B) because
C) unless
D) although
答案 D
解析表转折:虽然建造了上万座,但如今只存约3000座。although意为"虽然、尽管";until"直到"、because"因为"、unless"除非"均不表让步。
20.
A) ruins
B) debt
C) fashion
D) series
答案 A
解析"in ruins"为固定搭配,意为"成为废墟"。debt"债务"、fashion"时尚"、series"系列"均不构成此搭配。