2022年09月四级第1套选词填空原文翻译及答案解析

Public perception of success in the U.S. might be totally misguided.

美国公众对成功的认知可能完全错误。

While 92% of people believe others care most about fame and __26__, fewer than 10% factor those qualities into their own success. This is according to the newly __27__ study by Harvard Graduate School of Education professor Todd Smith. Smith says he was __28__ by how past studies on success "assumed what people will care about." In this study, his team "went the __29__ direction" by spending years carrying out individual interviews and group surveys to see what people really talk about when they talk about success.

虽然92%的人认为他人最关心名利，但只有不到10%的人将这些品质纳入自己的成功标准。这是根据哈佛大学教育研究生院教授托德·史密斯最新发布的研究。史密斯表示，他困扰于过去关于成功的研究“假设了人们会在意什么”。在这项研究中，他的团队“反其道而行”，花费数年时间进行个人访谈和群体调查，以了解人们在谈论成功时真正谈论什么。

As a scientist, Smith __30__ studied individuality for a living, and even he was surprised to find younger respondents cared more about having a __31__ in life. Those between the ages of 18 and __34__ prioritized it most, and that prioritization dropped off as respondents' ages went up. Perhaps this is because older people had fewer options when they were starting their careers, at a time when values focused more on stable incomes than __32__ personal missions.

作为科学家，史密斯实际上以研究个性为生，甚至他也惊讶地发现，年轻受访者更关心拥有生活目标。18岁及以上的人将其列为最优先，而随着受访者年龄增长，这种优先级下降。这或许是因为年长者在开始职业生涯时选择较少，那时的价值观更注重稳定收入而非实现个人使命。

Other trends included an emphasis on the importance of parenting. Being a parent __33__ very high across the priorities of all study participants. Ultimately, Smith hopes institutions will take note of these insights __34__.

其他趋势包括强调育儿的重要性。作为父母在所有研究参与者的优先级中排名很高。最终，史密斯希望相关机构能相应地关注这些见解。

Higher education institutions tend to focus on preparing students for high-paying jobs For such institutions, from universities to workplaces, to better __35__ people in the U.S., they'll need to understand "what the American public highly prioritizes," Smith says.

高等教育机构往往专注于为高薪工作培养学生。对于这些机构，从大学到工作场所，要更好地适应美国公众，它们需要了解“美国公众高度重视什么”，史密斯说。