2018年考研英语一新题型 Part B 原文翻译及答案

A) In December of 1869, Congress appointed a commission to select a site and prepare plans and cost estimates for a new State Department Building. The commission was also to consider possible arrangements for the War and Navy Departments. To the horror of some who expected a Greek Revival twin of the Treasury Building to be erected on the other side of the White House, the elaborate French Second Empire style design by Alfred Mullett was selected, and construction of a building to house all three departments began in June of 1871.

1869年12月，国会任命了一个委员会，为新建国务院大楼选址并准备计划和成本估算。该委员会还考虑了战争部和海军部可能的安排。令那些期望在白宫对面建造一座希腊复兴式双胞胎财政部大楼的人惊恐的是，最终选择了阿尔弗雷德·穆莱特的精致法国第二帝国风格设计，并于1871年6月开始建造一座容纳所有三个部门的大楼。

B) Completed in 1875, the State Department’s south wing was the first to be occupied, with its elegant four-story library (completed in 1876), Diplomatic Reception Room, and Secretary’s office decorated with carved wood, Oriental rugs, and stenciled wall patterns. The Navy Department moved into the east wing in 1879, where elaborate wall and ceiling stenciling and marquetry floors decorated the office of the Secretary.

国务院南翼于1875年完工，是第一个被占用的部分，内设优雅的四层图书馆（1876年完工）、外交接待室以及装饰有雕刻木材、东方地毯和模板墙图案的部长办公室。海军部于1879年迁入东翼，那里有精致的墙面和天花板模板印花以及镶嵌地板装饰的部长办公室。

C) The State, War, and Navy Building, as it was originally known, housed the three Executive Branch Departments most intimately associated with formulating and conducting the nation’s foreign policy in the last quarter of the nineteenth century and the first quarter of the twentieth century — the period when the United States emerged as an international power. The building has housed some of the nation’s most significant diplomats and politicians and has been the scene of many historic events.

原名为国务院、战争部和海军部大楼的建筑，在19世纪最后二十五年和20世纪第一个二十五年——美国崛起为国际强国的时期——容纳了与制定和执行国家外交政策最密切相关的三个行政分支部门。这座大楼曾居住过一些国家最重要的外交家和政治家，并且是许多历史事件的发生地。

D) Many of the most celebrated national figures have participated in historical events that have taken place within the EEOB’s granite walls. Theodore and Franklin D. Roosevelt, William Howard Taft, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Lyndon B. Johnson, Gerald Ford, and George H. W. Bush all had offices in this building before becoming president. It has housed 16 Secretaries of the Navy, 21 Secretaries of War, and 24 Secretaries of State. Winston Churchill once walked its corridors and Japanese emissaries met here with Secretary of State Cordell Hull after the bombing of Pearl Harbor.

许多最著名的国家人物都参与了在EEOB花岗岩墙壁内发生的历史事件。西奥多·罗斯福、富兰克林·D·罗斯福、威廉·霍华德·塔夫脱、德怀特·D·艾森豪威尔、林登·B·约翰逊、杰拉尔德·福特和乔治·H·W·布什在成为总统之前都在这座大楼里设有办公室。它曾容纳过16位海军部长、21位战争部长和24位国务卿。温斯顿·丘吉尔曾走过它的走廊，珍珠港事件后日本使节在这里会见了国务卿科德尔·赫尔。

E) The Eisenhower Executive Office Building (EEOB) commands a unique position in both the national history and the architectural heritage of the United States. Designed by Supervising Architect of the Treasury, Alfred B. Mullett, it was built from 1871 to 1888 to house the growing staffs of the State, War, and Navy Departments, and is considered one of the best examples of French Second Empire architecture in the country.

艾森豪威尔行政办公大楼（EEOB）在美国国家历史和建筑遗产中都占有独特地位。它由财政部监督建筑师阿尔弗雷德·B·穆莱特设计，建于1871年至1888年，以容纳国务院、战争部和海军部日益增长的工作人员，并被认为是该国法国第二帝国建筑的最佳范例之一。

F) Construction took 17 years as the building slowly rose wing by wing. When the EEOB was finished, it was the largest office building in Washington, with nearly 2 miles of black and white tiled corridors. Almost all of the interior detail is of cast iron or plaster; the use of wood was minimized to insure fire safety. Eight monumental curving staircases of granite with over 4,000 individually cast bronze balusters are capped by four skylight domes and two stained glass rotundas.

建造耗时17年，大楼逐翼缓慢建成。当EEOB完工时，它是华盛顿最大的办公楼，拥有近2英里长的黑白瓷砖走廊。几乎所有内部细节都是铸铁或石膏；木材的使用被最小化以确保消防安全。八座宏伟的花岗岩弯曲楼梯，配有多达4,000个单独铸造的青铜栏杆柱，顶部是四个天窗穹顶和两个彩色玻璃圆形大厅。

G) The history of the EEOB began long before its foundations were laid. The first executive offices were constructed between 1799 and 1820. A series of fires (including those set by the British in 1814) and overcrowded conditions led to the construction of the existing Treasury Building. In 1866, the construction of the North Wing of the Treasury Building necessitated the demolition of the State Department building.

EEOB的历史远在其奠基之前就开始了。第一批行政办公室建于1799年至1820年之间。一系列火灾（包括1814年英国人放的火）和过度拥挤的状况导致了现有财政部大楼的建造。1866年，财政部北翼的建造使得国务院大楼被拆除。